SCIENTIFIC PAPER: “Preliminary data on ostracods and foraminifers living on coralligenous bioconstructions Offshore Marzamemi (Ionian Sea, Se Sicily)”

Francesco Sciuto, Carla Altieri, Daniela Basso, Francesco D’Alpa, Gemma Donato, Valentina Alice Bracchi, Mara Cipriani, Adriano Guido, Antonietta Rosso, Rossana Sanfilippo, Donatella Serio, Alfio Viola

!! SCIENTIFIC PAPER IN Revue de micropaleontologie !!

!! The present study aims to be the first attempt to analyze the composition and structure of microfaunas associated with bioconstructions in an area located along the Ionian coast of south-eastern Sicily off the coast of Marzamemi (SR, Italy). At the bottom of the circalittoral area of the Mediterranean Sea, predominantly calcareous algae and subordinately bryozoans, sponges and serpulids give rise to bioconstructions called Coralligeno (algal barrier). The coral reef represents a hot-spot of biodiversity on the seabed. The samples were taken between 33 and 37 meters deep using a sorbone. Ostracods and foraminifera do not participate in the construction of the coralligenous but significantly increase the degree of biodiversity. !!

Keywords: Algal bioconstruction, Ostracoda, Foraminifera, Ionian Sea, Sicily (SE)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmic.2023.100711

Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0035159823000016

SCIENTIFIC PAPER: “The Main Builders of Mediterranean Coralligenous: 2D and 3D Quantitative Approaches for its Identification”

Valentina Alice Bracchi, Pietro Bazzicalupo, Luca Fallati, Andrea Giulia Varzi, Alessandra Savini, Mauro Pietro Negri, Antonietta Rosso, Rossana Sanfilippo, Adriano Guido, Marco Bertolino, Gabriele Costa, Elena De Ponti, Riccardo Leonardi, Maurizio Muzzupappa & Daniela Basso

!! SCIENTIFIC PAPER IN Frontiers in Earth Science !!

!! This research carried out along the Mediterranean Sea platform studies algal reefs made up of crustose coralline algae, also known as Coralligenous. It’s one of the most important ecosystems of the Mediterranean Sea in terms of extension, complexity and heterogeneity, supporting a very high level of biodiversity. The results confirm the primary role of crustose coralline algae as the main builders of the Mediterranean coralligenous. This aspect coincides with the evidence from the Quaternary fossil record. The role of encrusting calcareous red algae in the coralligen is important for conservation and management policies. !!

Keywords: algal reef, bioconstruction, crustose coralline algae, framework, Marzamemi

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2022.910522

Link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2022.910522/full

Novel robotic technologies for mapping and sampling the Mediterranean Coralligenous

CRESCIBLUREEF project has been presented by Fabio Bruno (UNICAL) at the Breaking the Surface (BTS). BTS is an international workshop of maritime robotics and applications. Since 2009, BTS has served as a meeting place for international experts, university professors, scientists, industry representatives and students from various fields related to marine robotics and its applications in biology, geology, archaeology, etc.

The invited talk given by Prof. Bruno has been focused on the novel minimally invasive monitoring and sampling technologies developed in CRESCIBLUREEF by the University of Calabria team that have been implemented on an innovative ROV equipped with an optical system capable of interactively reconstruct the 3D morphology of the seabed and a robotic coring system able to directly collect sample of the coralligenous. The presentation has described the different technical problems that have been solved and the results of the first sea trails.

NEW PUBBLICATION “Mesophotic foraminiferal-algal nodules play a role in the Red Sea carbonate budget”

!! NEW SCIENTIFIC PAPER on #NatureCommunicationsEarth&Environment by Valentina Alice Bracchi!!

“Mesophotic foraminiferal-algal nodules play a role in the Red Sea carbonate budget”

This research explores for the first time the mesophotic foraminiferal-alagl nodule bed along the NEOM coast (Saudi Arabia), providing quantitative results on biogenic carbonate distribution – the habitat suitability model informs that more than 6 km2 are occupied by nodules – and production, accumulating more than 980 Megatons of biogenic carbonate at seafloor since tha last 2000 kyrs. 

Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-023-00944-w

Behind the paper: https://earthenvironmentcommunity.nature.com/posts/amazing-foraminiferal-algal-nodule-beds-from-the-mesophotic-of-the-arabian-red-sea?badge_id=communications-earth-environment

Keywords: Red Sea, NEOM, mesophotic, foraminiferal algal nodules, habitat suitability model, carbonate production

!! NUOVO ARTICOLO SCIENTIFICO su #NaturaComunicazioniTerra&Ambiente di Valentina Alice Bracchi!!

Questa ricerca esplora per la prima volta il letto di noduli mesofotici foraminiferi-alagli lungo la costa di NEOM (Arabia Saudita), fornendo risultati quantitativi sulla distribuzione del carbonato biogenico – il modello di idoneità dell’habitat informa che più di 6 km2 sono occupati da noduli – e sulla produzione, accumulando più di 980 megatoni di carbonato biogenico sul fondo del mare dagli ultimi 2000 mila.

Underwater core sampler field test!

MARZAMEMI 24-29 JULY 2023

Last July (24-29/07), on the seabed of Marzamemi (SR), the first test campaign of the remote-controlled vehicle for coralligenous sampling was carried out. The team has developed the device starting from data collected during previous tests on a semi-automatically operated system. During these operations, several issues emerged indeed, in particular regarding motor power as well as excessive weight and dimensions. Furthermore, the cores taken were mostly fragmented or completely damaged.

The result of the last year of design and development is a new remotely operated coring devices nearly 50% lighter than the previous one, having almost twice its coring torque. Geometry optimization and material selection resulted in a significant smaller prototype, suitable to be integrated underneath the ROV belly. Core tubes where also modified with an innovative “double tube” mechanism that enable to prevent core breakage or loss.

The new test campaign, carried out at depth from 25 to 35 meters, was preceded by preliminary tests in pool. Test were useful to verify the functioning of all the mechanical parts and to adjust ROV balancing. The first objective of the field tests was the identification of the target together with the descent and anchoring operations to the seafloor. Subsequently, the ability to carry out core drilling was verified, managing to sample the first core. The last goal was the activation of the tool change device thanks to which it was possible to carry out three core sampling during the same mission.

First launch for the corer prototype in the Marzamemi sea.

ROV searching for its target.

A glimpse of the “double tube” system.

_ SIBM Messina 2023 _

Si è svolto a Messina il 52° Congresso della Società Italiana di Biologia Marina (SIBM). E’ stato organizzato dall’Università di Messina dal 12 al 15 giugno scorsi. Durante il congresso sono stati discussi argomenti interessanti con importanti miglioramenti nel campo della Biologia Marina.

Alcuni membri del team durante l’evento hanno presentato i lavori svolti nell’ambito del progetto FISR2019_04543 “CRESCIBLUREEF – Cresciuto nel blu: nuove tecnologie per la conoscenza e la conservazione dei reefs del Mediterraneo”.

Gemma Donato ha portato il poster del suo lavoro dal titolo “Strategie competitive su biocostruzioni coralline dello Ionio Meridionale”. Durante questo lavoro si sono focalizzati sulle strategie attuate da alcuni organismi costituenti il Coralligeno nello Ionio Meridionale. Sono stati investigati modo di vita e interazioni di alcune specie presenti in campioni prelevati nell’Agosto 2021, per grattaggio di biocostruzioni colonnari tra 33 e 36 metri al largo di Marzamemi (Sicilia).

Era presente ed ha partecipato fisicamente anche la professoressa Antonietta Rosso insieme al Dott. Marco Bertolino e la sua collega.

Il poster da loro presentato riguardava il seguente studio: “Bertolino M., Costa G., Bandi A., Basso D., Bazzicalupo P., Bracchi V.A., Cipriani M., Donato G., Guido A., Penco A., Rosso A., Sanfilippo R., Sciuto F., Bavestrello G. 2023. Variazioni a scala millenaria della diversità e abbondanza dei poriferi nel Coralligeno di Marzamemi (Sicilia SE).”

Poster Gemma Donato
Team presente a Messina con uno dei poster

Marco Bertolino con il poster del suo lavoro
Gemma Donato durante la presentazione del suo lavoro

XXI INQUA 2023

ITALIAN BELOW:

ROMA _ 14-20 Luglio 2023

Dal 14 al 20 luglio si è svolto a Roma il 21° congresso INQUA (International Union for Quaternary Research).

Fieldtrip pre-congressuale

La Professoressa Basso, la dottoressa Bracchi e il dottor Bazzicaluppo hanno preso parte al fieldtrip pre-congressuale tenutosi alle Isole Egadi (Sicilia) denominato “Palaeogeographical evolution of the Egadi Islands (western Sicily, Italy): implications for late Pleistocene and early Holocene sea crossings by humans and other mammals”. Durante il fieldtrip, hanno visitato le tre isole maggiori dell’arcipelago e i numerosi siti geologici e archeologici presenti. Tra questi, con il direttore dell’AMP delle isole Egadi, il dottor Salvatore Livreri Console, ad esempio, la grotta del Tuono. Qui, la recente scoperta di Cervus elaphus e Patella caerulea come resti alimentari ha permesso di stimare che la navigazione del Mediterraneo risalga al Mesolitico. Oppure il Museo del mare di Marettimo, con il vicesindaco Vito Vaccaro, dove è stato possibile vedere le ossa dello stesso Cervus elaphus.

A Favignana hanno esplorato le antiche cave. Qui sono numerose le testimonianze di un passato in cui il paleoclima era più caldo dell’attuale con gli ospiti della fauna senegale come Tethystrombus latus (ex Strombus bubonius), e hanno osservato un tidal notch ben conservato con le relative perforazioni a opera di Lithophaga di età tirreniana. Infine, a Levanzo, hanno visitato la famosa grotta del Genovese. Un sito archeologico che conserva le tracce di vita dei nostri antenati di 13000 anni fa sotto forma di meravigliosi esempi di arte rupestre.

Congresso

Il congresso si è tenuto in una rovente Roma, tra il 14 e il 20 luglio 2023, e ha visto la partecipazione di migliaia di scienziati da tutto il mondo.

Il progetto CRESCIBLUREEF ha presentato le sue attività al proprio stand, dove è stato possibile raccontare ai presenti le attività svolte finora. Per qualche giorno è stato anche possibile osservar e il prototipo del carotiere montato sul ROV sviluppato dal gruppo di ingegneri dell’Università della Calabria. Tantissime persone si sono fermate attirate dal ROV e dai meravigliosi filmati che sono stati prodotti sul coralligeno di Marzamemi.

Sono state numerose inoltre le presentazioni orali e i poster. Inoltre, la professoressa Basso, è stata chair di una sessione che aveva come tema principale proprio le biocostruzioni atipiche come quella del coralligeno (Not only z-corals: Quaternary reefs across the latitudinal and depth gradients). Alla sessione hanno preso parte anche la Prof.sa Rossana Sanfilippo che ha parlato delle biocostruzioni del Mediterraneo, tra cui anche il coralligeno, la Dott.sa Gemma Donato ha esposto il ruolo dei serpulidi e briozoi nelle biocostruzioni del coralligeno e la stessa Professoressa Basso con una presentazione riguardo a un lavoro svolto a Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef (Australia). Un’altra sessione è stata tenuta dalla Dott.sa Valentina A. Bracchi (Conservation paleobiology: late Neogene to Quaternary record sas a baseline for conservation of modern ecosystems) e anche qui sono stati presentati alcuni risultati relativi a CBR.

Ci vediamo alla prossima avventura!!

ENGLISH BELOW:

ROME _ 14-20 July 2023

The 21st INQUA (International Union for Quaternary Research) congress took place in Rome from 14 to 20 July.

Pre-congress fieldtrip

Professor Basso, Dr. Bracchi and Dr. Bazzicaluppo took part in the pre-congress fieldtrip held in the Egadi Islands (Sicily) called “Palaeogeographical evolution of the Egadi Islands (western Sicily, Italy): implications for late Pleistocene and early Holocene sea crossings by humans and other mammals”. During the fieldtrip, they have visited the three largest islands of the archipelago and the numerous geological and archaeological sites present. Among these, with the director of the AMP of the Egadi islands, Dr. Salvatore Livreri Consul, for example, the Tuono cave. There, the recent discovery of Cervus elaphus and Patella caerulea as food remains has allowed us to estimate that the navigation of the Mediterranean dates back to the Mesolithic. Or the Marettimo Sea Museum, with the deputy mayor Vito Vaccaro, where it was possible to see the bones of Cervus elaphus itself.

In Favignana they explored the ancient quarries. Here there are numerous testimonies of a past in which the paleoclimate was warmer than the current one with the hosts of the Senegalese fauna such as Tethystrombus latus (ex Strombus bubonius), and they observed a well-preserved tidal notch with the related perforations by Lithophaga of Tyrrhenian age. Finally, in Levanzo, they visited the famous Genovese cave. An archaeological site that preserves traces of the life of our ancestors from 13,000 years ago in the form of wonderful examples of rock art.

Congress

The congress was then held in a red-hot Rome, between 14 and 20 July 2023, and saw the participation of thousands of scientists from all over the world.

The CRESCIBLUREEF project presented its activities at its stand, where it was possible to tell those present about the activities carried out so far. For a few days it was also possible to observe the prototype of the core barrel mounted on the ROV developed by the group of engineers from the University of Calabria . Many people stopped attracted by the ROV and the wonderful films that were produced on the Marzamemi coral reef.

Also, there were numerous oral and poster presentations. Moreover, professor Basso was chair of a session whose main theme was precisely atypical bioconstructions such as that of coralligenous (Not only z-corals: Quaternary reefs across the latitudinal and depth gradients). During the session took part also Prof. Rossana Sanfilippo who spoke about the bioconstructions of the Mediterranean, including the coralligenous, Dr. Gemma Donato exposed the role of serpulids and bryozoans in the bioconstructions of the coralligenous and Professor Basso herself with a presentation on a work carried out at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef (Australia). Another session was held by Dr. Valentina A. Bracchi (Conservation paleobiology: late Neogene to Quaternary record sas a baseline for conservation of modern ecosystems) and also here some results related to CBR were presented.

See you on the next adventure!!

Part of the team
Prof. Basso with some members of the team

BEEE project (BioEngineering/Erosion Experiment)

ENG: The BioEngineering/Erosion Experiment wants to assess and quantify the processes of bioerosion and bioengineering taking place in a Coralligenous environment. The aim is to observe whether or not the substrate has a significance in the colonisation and bioerosion of the organism inhabiting the Coralligenous reef.

To do so we have deployed a series of experimental blocks of the same size but of different materials in the Marzamemi coralligenous area. The materials used are: Granite, Travertine and Marble.

The blocks will simulate the substrate where bioengineers and bioeroder will attach. Before the deployment we have scanned with a microCT machine the various blocks in order to have a baseline to compare them at the end of the experiment.

The blocks are anchored to the seafloor and will remain there for one year.

During this time SCUBA divers (of the SUTTAKKUA DIVING) are monitoring the state of colonisation.

Here are some pictures of the state of the experiment after 8 months.

Site of the experiment (Marzamemi, Sicilia); Off the coast of Marzamemi village. Position of the experiment (red dot).
Three tiles (one for each material) will be attached to a concrete block (for a total of three blocks) with a steel support and one/two bolt/s. The tiles are held vertically in order to reduce orientation effects. A) schematic of the deployment block with the tiles. B) try-out of the deployment (the tiles depicted are not the ones that will be deployed during the experiment).

ITA: L’esperimento di Bioingegneria/erosione vuole valutare e quantificare i processi di bioerosione e bioingegneria che avvengono in un ambiente Coralligeno. L’obiettivo è quello di osservare se il substrato ha o meno un significato nella colonizzazione e nella bioerosione dell’organismo che abita la barriera corallina.

Per farlo abbiamo dispiegato una serie di blocchi sperimentali della stessa dimensione ma di materiali diversi nell’area del coralligeno di Marzamemi. I materiali utilizzati sono: Granito, Travertino e Marmo.

I blocchi simuleranno il substrato su cui si attaccheranno i bioingegneri e i bioeroder. Prima del posizionamento abbiamo scansionato con una macchina microCT i vari blocchi in modo da avere una linea di base per confrontarli alla fine dell’esperimento.

I blocchi sono ancorati al fondale marino e vi rimarranno per un anno.

In questo periodo i subacquei SCUBA (del SUTTAKKUA DIVING) stanno monitorando lo stato di colonizzazione.

Ecco alcune immagini dello stato dell’esperimento dopo 8 mesi.

XXI INQUA 2023

Rome __ 14-20 July 2023

ENG: From 14 to 20 July the INQUA (International Union for Quaternary Research) will be held in Rome. During this congress there will be a stand held by our team members in which they will present part of the work carried out by CresciBluReef. You will have the opportunity to see the ROV designed by the engineering team. In addition to the technological part, you will obviously find posters and materials on display regarding our research. There will be the possibility of interacting with some members present too.

ITA: Dal 14 al 20 Luglio p.v. si terrà a Roma l’INQUA (International Union for Quaternary Research). Durante questo congresso ci sarà uno stand tenuto dai membri del nostro team in cui presenteranno parte dei lavori portati avanti dal CresciBluReef. Avrete la possibilità di vedere il ROV progettato dal gruppo di ingegneria. Oltre alla parte tecnologica ovviamente troverete esposti poster e materiali che riguardano le nostre ricerche. Ci sarà anche la possibilità di interagire con alcuni membri presenti.

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